Greenhouse Accessories: The “Bones and Nerves” of Modern Agricultural Factories
A modern greenhouse is far more than a simple combination of steel pipes and plastic film. It functions as a sophisticated “plant factory,” whose efficient and stable operation relies on a complete, high-quality accessory system. These components, akin to the steel and concrete of buildings or the joints and blood vessels of the human body, are unassuming yet collectively form the greenhouse's framework and regulate its internal environment. They serve as the core foundation for ensuring high-quality, high-yield crops. This article systematically introduces the various key accessories of greenhouse structures.
I. Structural System Accessories: The “Skeleton” of the Greenhouse
This forms the foundation supporting the entire structure, determining its stability and service life.
Main Frame Components: Including columns, trusses, arch rods, gutters (water channels), etc. These are typically made of hot-dip galvanized steel pipes to prevent rust. Gutters in multi-span greenhouses are particularly crucial, serving dual functions of drainage and load-bearing (for equipment installation).
Connectors: Such as arch pipe joints, clamping channels, and screw-in ground anchors. These seemingly minor components are critical for structural stability and film fixation. High-quality connectors should exhibit excellent corrosion resistance and tensile strength.
II. Covering System Components: The Greenhouse's “Skin”
Covering materials and their fasteners form the crop growth space, directly impacting the greenhouse's light transmission and thermal insulation performance.
Covering Materials: Including plastic films (PO film, PE film, EV film), polycarbonate sheets, glass, etc. Different materials emphasize varying properties such as light transmission, insulation, anti-drip, and anti-aging.
Fastening Clips: Such as plastic-coated spring clips (film-pressing ropes), film clamps, clamps, etc. Their role is to securely and smoothly fasten the covering material to the frame, preventing it from being blown or damaged by wind. Anti-aging, high-elasticity plastic-coated spring clips are crucial for ensuring long-term film durability.
III. Ventilation and Cooling System Components: The Greenhouse's “Respiratory System”
Used to regulate internal temperature and humidity, preventing damage from high heat and humidity.
Film Rollers: Divided into manual and electric types. Electric film rollers are the core of automated ventilation, capable of linking with thermostats to automatically open/close side/roof vents.
Window Openers: Installed on multi-span greenhouse roofs, such as rack-and-pinion systems, these motor-driven mechanisms enable precise opening and closing of roof vents.
Shade Cloth/Thermal Curtains: Provide summer shading and winter nighttime insulation. Deployment and retraction are achieved via dedicated curtain support wires, drive profiles, and motors.
Fan-pad system: A powerful cooling combination. Components include fans, cooling pads, water pumps, supply piping, and filters.
IV. Irrigation and Fertilization System Components: The greenhouse's “circulatory system”
Enables precise delivery of water and nutrients, crucial for conserving resources and enhancing quality.
Head System: Includes water pumps, filters (mesh/disc/auto-backwash), fertilizer applicators/tanks, pressure gauges, safety valves, etc. This serves as the system's brain and heart, ensuring clean and precise mixing of water and nutrients.
Water Distribution Piping Network: Such as PE main pipes, branch pipes, solenoid valves, pressure regulating valves, etc.
Terminal Irrigation Devices: Includes drip tape (or drip lines), drip emitters, micro-sprinklers, and sprinkler frames. These deliver water and nutrients directly to crop roots.
V. Internal Cultivation and Support System Accessories
Directly impacts crop growth space and management efficiency.
Seedling Beds: Used for container-grown crops, enabling mobility to significantly improve greenhouse space utilization. Consists of bed frames, rollers, and bed surface netting.
Hanging Systems: Supports vertical growth for vine crops like tomatoes and cucumbers. Includes suspension ropes, hooks, vine guides, and line clamps.
Support Wires: Secure plants to prevent lodging.
VI. Control and Electrical System Accessories: The Greenhouse's “Brain and Nervous System”
Core components for greenhouse automation.
Environmental Controller: Ranging from simple thermostats to complex computerized central control systems, it receives sensor signals and automatically regulates all equipment including film rolling, window opening, shading, and irrigation.
Sensors: Such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, CO₂ sensors, and soil moisture sensors. These act as the “eyes” of the control system, continuously monitoring environmental data.
Electrical control cabinets, motors, cables, etc.
